General Gynaecology Singapore | GynaeMD Women's Clinic Clementi

Uterine Fibroids

A uterine fibroid, also known as a myoma, is a non-cancerous growth of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue that develops in the womb. This often occurs during a woman’s child-bearing years. Fibroids are not associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer, with only 1% of cases ever becoming cancerous.

Most women with fibroids have no symptoms but some may experience heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, pelvic pressure or pain, frequent urination, difficulty emptying the bladder, backache and infertility. Treatment options range from observation to symptom control with medicines or surgery.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a common condition characterized by the growth of endometrium (the uterine lining) outside the womb or in the womb’s muscle wall (adenomyosis). In many cases, the endometrium develops in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, on the uterus, bladder, bowel and rectum.

Women with endometriosis may complain of heavy—sometimes irregular—menses, painful periods, pain during sex, pelvic or lower abdominal pain, and infertility. Endometriosis treatment is directed at either pain relief or infertility; and it involves observation, medication or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition.

Ovarian Cysts

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops inside or on the surface of the ovary. Cysts may occur at any point in a woman’s life and can vary in size and number. They may be normal (e.g. functional cysts which occur at a particular time during ovulation) or pathological.

Symptoms include heavy or irregular periods, abdominal distension or bloating, pelvic pain, deep pain during intercourse, discomfort during bowel movements, and even the frequency of urination. Treatment depends on the age of the patient, cyst size and nature, and the severity of the symptoms. Treatment may involve observation, medication or surgery.

Menstrual Problems & Hormonal Imbalance Treatment

Many women experience some form of vaginal bleeding during their lives, and it is considered abnormal if it does not occur during your expected menstrual period, if the flow is heavier or lighter than normal, or if the bleeding patterns change, or the bleeding lasts longer or shorter than normal.

This could be the result of hormonal imbalances, abnormal lining of the womb, polyps, fibroids or even cancer.

Investigations include blood tests, ultrasound scans, direct visualization with a hysteroscope and biopsies. Treatment will depend on the cause and may involve hormonal medication and minor or major surgery.